The =positive degree= expresses the quality without any further idea ofcomparison, as Feliz (happy), Rico (rich).
_Comparative_. ------------------------_Superlative Relative_.
Mas feliz que (happier than).--------------- El mas feliz (the happiest).
Menos feliz que (less happy than). ----------El menos feliz (the least happy).
Tan rico como (as or so rich as).
EXAMPLES--
Mi tio es mas pobre que su hermano: My uncle is poorer than his brother.Su mujer es menos rica que el: His wife is less rich than he.Soy tan feliz como V.: I am as happy as you.No es tan amable como su primo: He is not so amiable as his cousin.
_Superlative Absolute_.
EXAMPLES--
Muy largo: Very long. Muy corto: Very short.
Another way to form the Superlative Absolute[39] is by adding =isimo=instead of using _muy_. If the adjective ends in a vowel, this is elidedbefore adding _isimo_.
[Footnote 39: More rarely used and much more emphatic.]
EXAMPLES--
Estas frutas son muy maduras: These fruits are very ripe.Estas frutas son madurisimas: These fruits are very ripe indeed.Estos tenderos son muy ricos: These shopkeepers are very rich. Aquellos son riquisimos: Those (others) are very rich indeed.
Before adding _isimo_, adjectives ending in_ble_ change it into =bil=, as Amable, amabilisimo._co_ " " =qu=, as Rico, riquisimo._go_ " " =gu=, as Largo, larguisimo.
Adjectives of more than three syllables ending in _ble_, adjectivesending in two vowels, or in one vowel accented, should always take =muy=and not add _isimo_ for the Superlative Absolute.
Besides the regular forms of the Comparative and Superlative degrees,there are the following irregular forms--
Mejor (better).
Optimo (verygood or best).
Peor (worse).
Pesimo (very bad or worst).
Mayor (larger).
Maximo (very large or largest).
Menor (smaller).
Minimo (very small orsmallest).
Superior (higher).
Supremo (very high or highest).
Inferior(lower).
Infimo (very low or lowest).
_Future Tense,[40] Indic. Mood._
Hablare ----------------Temerè ------------------Partire
(I shall speak) ----------(I shall fear) -------------(I shall depart)
Hablaras ---------------Temeras ----------------Partiras
(thou wilt speak) --------(thou wilt fear)----------(thou wilt depart)
Hablara -----------------TemerĂ -----------------PartirĂ
(he/she will speak)-------(he/she will fear) --------(he/she will depart)
Hablaremos -------------Temeremos --------------Partiremos
(we shall speak)----------(we shall fear) -----------(we shall depart)
Hablareis -----------------Temereis ----------------Partireis
(you will speak) ----------(you will fear) -----------(you will depart)
Hablaran ------------------Temeran ---------------Partiran
(they will speak) ----------(they will fear) ----------(they will depart)
_Conditional Mood_.[40]
Hablar.------------------- Temer. -------------------Partir
Hablaria -----------------Temeria ------------------Partiria
(I should speak)---------(I should fear) -----------(I should depart)
Hablarias ----------------Temerias -----------------Partirias
(thou wouldst speak) ----(thou wouldst fear) ------(thou wouldst...)
Hablaria -----------------Temeria ------------------Partiria
(he/she would speak) ----(he/she would fear) -----(he/she would...)
Hablariamos ------------Temeriamos --------------Partiriamos
(we should speak) -------(we should fear) ---------(we should depart)
Hablariais ---------------Temeriais -----------------Partiriais
(you would speak) ------(you would fear) ---------(you would depart)
Hablarian ---------------Temerian -----------------Partirian
(they would speak) ------(they would fear) --------(they would depart)
[Footnote 40: The Future Tense Indicative Mood and the ConditionalMood are formed from the Infinitive Mood by adding to the Infinitivethe terminations: _e, as, a, emos, eis, an_ for the future; and _ia,ias, ia, iamos, iais, ian_ for the conditional mood.]
VOCABULARY.
=alguno,-a=,[41] some or any (_s._)
=algunos,-as=,[42] some or any (_pl._)
=amarillo=, yellow
=barba, barbas=, beard=barbilla, barba=, chin
=blanco=, white
=boca=, mouth
=cabello=, hair
=cabeza=, head
=cafe, castano=, brown, (dyed)
=cepillo=, brush
=cualquiera= (_s._),[43] any (affirmative)
=cualesquiera= (_pl._) any (affirmative)
=dientes=, teeth
=dinero=, money
=encarnado=, red
=escoba=, broom
=estampar=, to print (calico)
=la frente=, the forehead
=lengua=, tongue
=malo=,[44] bad, wicked
=manteca=, butter
=moreno=, brown, (natural colour)
=(la) nariz=, nose
=necesitar=, to want, to need, to be in want of.
=ninguno,-a= (_s._) any (after a negative)
=ningunos,-as= (_pl._) any (after a negative)
=el ojo=, the eye.
=padres=,[45] parents
=percal=, calico
=queremos=, we want*
=querer=, to want, to wish to have=ellos quieren=, they want=yo quiero=, I want=V. quiere=, you want
=regla=, ruler
=si=, if
=la tez=, complexion
=un poco de=,[46] a little, some, or any
=verde=, green
[Footnote 41: Before a masculine noun "Alguno" and "Ninguno" drop the_o_, as Algun dinero (some money). The feminine "Alguna" and "Ninguna"never changes.]
[Footnote 42: Also _unos, unas_.]
[Footnote 43: "Cualquiera" generally drops the _a_ before a noun, asCualquier libro (any book).]
[Footnote 44: Before a masculine noun it drops the _o_, as Un malmuchacho (a bad boy). The feminine is always "mala."]
[Footnote 45: The masculine plural includes the plural of both genders,as Los padres (the parents, father and mother), Los hermanos (thebrothers or the brother(s) and sister(s).)]
[Footnote 46: Used for both genders, as Un poco de vino (a little wine),Un poco de cerveza (a little beer).]
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